{"id":23234,"date":"2024-02-05T11:17:38","date_gmt":"2024-02-05T09:17:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/traditia.md\/?p=23234"},"modified":"2024-03-20T17:19:17","modified_gmt":"2024-03-20T15:19:17","slug":"cantemir-compozitorul","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/traditia.md\/ro\/cantemir-compozitorul\/","title":{"rendered":"Cantemir compozitorul"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong><em>\u201eBine este a l\u0103uda pe Domnul \u015fi a c\u00e2nta numele T\u0103u, Prea\u00eenalte, <br \/>\na vesti diminea\u0163a mila Ta \u015fi adev\u0103rul T\u0103u \u00een toat\u0103 noaptea, <br \/>\n\u00een psaltire cu zece strune, cu c\u00e2ntece din al\u0103ut\u0103.\u201d<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>\u00a0(Ps. 91:1-4)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>N\u0103scut \u00een 1673 \u0219i decedat \u00een 1723 \u2013 Dimitrie Cantemir \u2013 voievod \u0219i diplomat moldovean, prin\u021b rus, compozitor turc, academician berlinez, c\u0103rturar, enciclopedist, istoric, lingvist (cuno\u0219tea peste zece limbi), filosof, scriitor, dar \u0219i muzicolog \u0219i muzician, a fost un om de o vast\u0103 erudi\u021bie \u0219i o personalitate proeminent\u0103 \u00een cultura mondial\u0103. Dar \u0219i tat\u0103 a zece copii, dintre care b\u0103iatul s\u0103u cel mai mic, Antioh, ajunge s\u0103 fie recunoscut drept \u201eprimul poet modern al Rusiei\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>Constantin Cantemir, p\u0103rintele s\u0103u (\u201ene\u0219tiutor de carte\u201d, dup\u0103 G. C\u0103linescu), a educat pe b\u0103iatul s\u0103u mai mic, Dimitrie, \u00eentr-un mediu propice dezvolt\u0103rii sale intelectuale, inclusiv \u00een domeniul artei sonore. Constantin, bun\u0103oar\u0103, \u201edoinea cu mult\u0103 m\u0103iestrie din caval \u0219i \u2013 domnitor fiind \u2013, sc\u00e2rbit de uneltirile boierilor pu\u0219i pe pricopseal\u0103, punea cavalul la gur\u0103 \u0219i \u00ee\u0219i c\u0103uta aleanul, t\u00e2njind dup\u0103 tinere\u021bea pe care \u0219i-a petrecut-o \u00een s\u00e2nul naturii, liber \u0219i fericit<em>.<\/em>\u201d<em> (Victor Ghila\u0219, \u201eDimitrie Cantemir \u00een istoria culturii muzicale\u201d, Chi\u0219in\u0103u, Ed. Epigraf, 2004, p. 15).<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u201eAtmosfera muzical-artistic\u0103 din casa p\u0103rinteasc\u0103 era \u00eentregit\u0103 de studierea culturii greco-latine. La Ia\u0219i, prin grija p\u0103rintelui s\u0103u, t\u00e2n\u0103rul principe Dimitrie va lua cuno\u0219tin\u021b\u0103, pe parcursul a doi ani (1691-1693), de muzica bizantin\u0103 \u0219i cea gregorian\u0103, sub \u00eendrumarea lui Ieremia Cacavelas (grec de ob\u00e2r\u0219ie cretan\u0103 adus de Constantin Cantemir din \u021aara Rom\u00e2neasc\u0103), \u00eenv\u0103\u021b\u00e2nd, de asemenea, limbile greac\u0103 \u0219i slavon\u0103&#8230;\u201d <em>(ibidem, p. 15).<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Pe timpul afl\u0103rii sale \u00een fosta capital\u0103 a Bizan\u021bului (aproape 22 de ani, cu mici \u00eentreruperi), devenit\u0103 capital\u0103 a Imperiului Otoman \u2013 loc de confluen\u021b\u0103 a culturii orientale \u0219i occidentale, tr\u0103ia at\u00e2t printre litera\u021bii turci c\u00e2t \u0219i printre ambasadorii cre\u0219tini, \u00eembr\u0103cat \u00eentr-un \u201ecostum jum\u0103tate european, jum\u0103tate oriental\u201d (G. C\u0103linescu), fapt ce ar descrie aceast\u0103 intersec\u021bie cultural\u0103 din sufletul s\u0103u. \u201eInfluen\u021ba crea\u021biei precursorilor \u0219i a contemporanilor, dar \u0219i tezaurul sonor de tradi\u021bie oral\u0103 al civiliza\u021biei musulmane fuzioneaz\u0103 \u0219i \u00eei alimenteaz\u0103 puterea de crea\u021bie.\u201d <em>( V. Ghila\u0219 \u201eCrea\u021bia muzical\u0103 cantemirian\u0103\u201d \u2013 studiu din volumul \u201eDimitrie Cantemir: Dimensiuni ale universalita\u021bii: studii, sinteze, eseuri\u201d al Acad. de \u0218tiin\u021be a Moldovei, Inst. de Filologie, Chi\u0219in\u0103u, Ed. Gunivas, p.189).<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Prieten cu diferi\u021bi \u00eenv\u0103\u021ba\u021bi, filosofi, scriitori, astrologi, matematicieni \u0219i muzican\u021bi afla\u021bi la momentul respectiv \u00een capitala otoman\u0103, Cantemir, printre multe altele, reu\u0219e\u0219te s\u0103 inventeze un sistem de nota\u021bie muzical\u0103 (bazat\u0103 pe 33 de semne, dup\u0103 felul literelor arabe), compun\u00e2nd muzici, ba chiar \u0219i c\u00e2nt\u00e2nd la ospe\u021be (din tamburin\u0103).<\/p>\n<p>Tratatul s\u0103u teoretic asupra muzicii turce\u0219ti \u2013 numit <strong>Edv\u00e2r-i Kantemir-oghlu<\/strong> \u2013 con\u021bine un vast \u0219i valoros material instrumental focloric c\u00e2t \u0219i compozi\u021bii proprii, fixate prin acest propriu s\u0103u sistem de nota\u021bie. A consemnat sute de melodii instrumentale (numite \u00een mare parte <em>pe\u0219revuri<\/em>), c\u00e2t \u0219i crea\u021bii originale proprii, identificate drept 43 la num\u0103r (de\u0219i unii cercet\u0103tori consider\u0103 c\u0103 \u00een realitate num\u0103rul lor este mult mai mare).<\/p>\n<p>Ce a f\u0103cut Cantemir cu muzica turceasc\u0103 e probabil ceea ce a f\u0103cut oarecum Alecsandri cu \u201eMiori\u021ba\u201d, adic\u0103 a \u00eenregistrat, a cur\u0103\u021bit \u0219i a transpus pe foaie. De\u0219i, cu siguran\u021b\u0103, spiritul cre\u0219tin natal \u0219i, respectiv, bizantin al lui Cantemir \u0219i-a adus aportul original \u00een acest act de \u201epritocire\u201d, devenind astfel unul din cei mai de vaz\u0103 teoreticieni \u0219i compozitori de muzic\u0103 clasic\u0103 turceasc\u0103.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong><em>Iereu Anatolie Juraveli<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Mai jos v\u0103 prezent\u0103m un interesant video concert al unei trupe canadiene, <em>Constantinople <\/em>\u2013 ce intepreteaz\u0103 piese cantemiriene, sub direc\u021biunea lui Kiya Tabassian, muzician \u0219i compozitor iranian.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><iframe title=\"Dimitrie Cantemir (1673 1723), The Composer Prince - Constantinople, dir. Kiya Tabassian\" width=\"1170\" height=\"658\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/UBS_CbHFGk0?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00cen program:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>00:00 \u2014 Pe\u0219rev Zengule, ritmul devr-i keb\u00eer, Dimitrie Cantemir<br \/>\n4:37 &#8211; Kanun solo, Didem Basar<br \/>\n6:58 &#8211; Pe\u0219rev Ussak As\u00eer\u00e2n\u00ee, ritmul darb-i fetih, Dimitrie Cantemir<br \/>\n10:11 &#8211; Setar solo, Kiya Tabassian<br \/>\n11:22 &#8211; Pe\u0219rev Bestenigiar, ritmul berefsan, Dimitrie Cantemir<br \/>\n17:29 &#8211; Pe\u0219rev Mukhayyer, ritmul muhammes, Dimitrie Cantemir<br \/>\n20:56 &#8211; Ney solo, Kianoush Khalilian<br \/>\n22:41 &#8211; Pe\u0219rev Buzurk, ritmul darbeyn-i djedid, Dimitrie Cantemir<br \/>\n27:09 &#8211; Pe\u0219rev M\u00e2hur, ritmul darbeyn, Dimitrie Cantemir<br \/>\n31:20 &#8211; Pe\u0219rev Buselik, ritmul devr-i revan, Dimitrie Cantemir<br \/>\n36:04 &#8211; viola d\u2019amore solo (folias), Tanya Laperri\u00e8re<br \/>\n37:04 &#8211; S\u00e2z Sem\u00e2 \u00cesi Gevest, Dimitrie Cantemir<br \/>\n41:00 &#8211; Percussion duo, Hamin Honari &amp; Patrick Graham<br \/>\n44:54 &#8211; S\u00e2z Sem\u00e2\u2019\u00eesi Buselik As\u00eer\u00e2n\u00ee, Dimitrie Cantemir<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u201eBine este a l\u0103uda pe Domnul \u015fi a c\u00e2nta numele T\u0103u, Prea\u00eenalte, a vesti diminea\u0163a mila Ta \u015fi adev\u0103rul T\u0103u \u00een toat\u0103&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":23232,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","slim_seo":{"title":"Cantemir compozitorul - traditia.md","description":"\u201eBine este a l\u0103uda pe Domnul \u015fi a c\u00e2nta numele T\u0103u, Prea\u00eenalte, a vesti diminea\u0163a mila Ta \u015fi adev\u0103rul T\u0103u \u00een toat\u0103 noaptea, \u00een psaltire cu zece strune, cu c\u00e2nte"},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1722,45,41,38],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-23234","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-anatolie-juraveli","category-bloguri","category-istorie-si-cultura","category-stiri"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/traditia.md\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23234","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/traditia.md\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/traditia.md\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/traditia.md\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/traditia.md\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=23234"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/traditia.md\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23234\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/traditia.md\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23232"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/traditia.md\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=23234"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/traditia.md\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=23234"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/traditia.md\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=23234"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}